The greatest temperature
RISE in history was town of Loma from -54°F at 9 am on January 14, 1972, to 49°F by 8 am on January 15th. The 103°F (57.2°C) rise is the greatest change in temperature ever officially measured on earth within a 24-hour period.
The fastest temperature
DROP November 9, 1911, a blast of arctic air invaded the northern plains, sending the temperature at Rapid City, South Dakota, from 55°F at 6 am to 3° by 8 am.
The world record for the sharpest drop in temperature as well as the sharpest increase. Browning, MT, saw its temperature drop 100°F, from 44°F to -56°F, in less than 24 hours as a result of a cold front passage on January 23-24, 1916. Fairfield, MT, saw an 84° drop (from 63°F to -21°F) in
just 12 hours on December 24, 1924. This is generally credited as the record for any 12-hour period.
https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/extreme-short-duration-temperature-changes-us
Mawsynram receives the highest rainfall in India. It is reportedly the wettest place on Earth, with an average annual rainfall of 11,872 millimetres (467.4 in). According to the Guinness Book of World Records, Mawsynram received 26,000 millimetres (1,000 in) of rainfall in 1985.
Mt. Waialeale, Kauai, Hawaii, according to NOAA-NCDC data, this is the wettest place in the US, receiving around 460 inches of rain annually. This makes it one of the rainiest places on Earth.